Athena, is a very important goddess of many things
She is goddess of wisdom, courage, inspiration,
civilization, law and justice, strategic warfare, mathematics, strength,
strategy, the arts, crafts, and skill.
She is known most specifically for her strategic skill in
warfare.
and is often
portrayed as companion of heroes and is the patron goddess of heroic endeavour.
Athena was born from Zeus after he experienced an enormous
headache.
and she sprang fully
grown and in armour from his forehead.
She has no mother but
one of the most commonly cited stories is that Zeus lay with Metis.
the goddess of crafty
thought and wisdom, and then swallowed her whole as he feared she will give
birth to a child more powerful than him.
because of a prophecy
– but she had already conceived.
Facts about Athena
Athena was the Goddess of War, the female counterpart of
Ares.
She was the daughter of Zeus; no mother bore her.
She sprang from
Zeus’s head, full-grown and clothed in armor.
She was Zeus’s favorite child.
According to Homer’s account in the Iliad, Athena was a
fierce and ruthless warrior.
In the Odyssey, she
was angry and unforgiving. In the course of the Trojan War, she struck Ajax
with madness.
Known for protecting civilized life, she was the Goddess of
the City.
According to some sources, Athena was praised for her
compassion and generosity.
Athena was a patron of the arts and crafts, especially when
it came to spinning and weaving.
In later poetry, Athena embodied wisdom and rational
thought.
Athena served as a guardian of Athens, where the Parthenon
served as her temple.
Zeus trusted her to wield the aegis and his thunderbolt.
Her most important festival was the Panathenaea.
which was celebrated
annually at Athens.
She is referred to in poetry as “gray-eyed.”
The owl was her bird, and the olive tree was hers.
She turned the weaver Arachne into a spider.
after the mortal
woman insulted Athena and the Olympian gods.
Athena reared Ericthonius, son of Hephaestus.
He was half man, half serpent. Athena put the infant in a
chest and gave it to others to watch over, forbidding them to open it. When
they did, she drove them mad as punishment.
She is one of three virgin goddesses; the other two were
Hestia and Artemis.
Athena invented the flute, but she never played it.
Hermes and Athena went to the aid of Perseus in his quest to
kill Medusa.
Looking directly at
Medusa would turn any man to stone, so Athena provided Perseus with her
polished shield. Using it, he was able to see Medusa as if looking in a mirror.
Again, Athena guided his hand as he cut off Medusa’s head
with his sword.
Hera and Athena fought against Paris in the Trojan War since
he had awarded the Golden Apple to Aphrodite.
The sacred image of Athena, a wood statue called the
Palladium, protected the Trojans as long as they had it.
Odysseus and Diomedes executed a plan to steal the image,
greatly encouraging the Greeks in their hopes to end the long-suffering war.
Athena helped Hercules when, as a part of his penance, he
was required to drive away the Stymphalian birds. She got them moving, and
Hercules shot them.
goddess of : War, Wisdom, Crafts, Battle Strategies
Symbols: Owls, Olive trees, Snakes, Aegis, Armor, Helmets,
Spears, Gorgoneion
Sacred animals: Snow Owl, Crow
Parents: Zeus and Metis
Consort: None
Children: None
Birth of Athena
Zeus and Metis are Athena's parents. Being the father.
Zeus learned that
Metis' children would overthrow him like he had overthrown his father. Afraid
of this, he swallowed Metis. Unknowing that Metis was pregnant.
she gave birth to
Athena inside Zeus, and trained her. Zeus had a splitting headache, and asked
the god of forge and fire, Hephaistos, to cut open his skull.
Smashing Zeus' head with his mighty ax, Hephaistos split
Zeus' skull, and out sprung Athena, dressed in full battle armor.
Rivalry with Poseidon
Athena has a rivalry with Poseidon. Her rivalry with
Poseidon started with Athens.
They both wanted to be patron of the city, and thus gave
gifts. A saltwater fountain was Poseidon's gift, while the olive tree was from
Athena.
They chose the olive
tree due to its usefulness. Not long after, an earthquake hit Athens,
destroying all olive trees in the area.
Her rivalry with
Poseidon continues when Athena caught lovers Poseidon and Medusa showing
affection in her own temple.
That sort of behavior
is a big sign of disrespect so Athena turned Medusa so hideous that no one
could or would ever look at her again.
Poseidon exacted retribution from Athena by massacring several
Athenians, until they built an Acropolis, honoring Athena and Poseidon.
Thus Athena was officially the patron goddess of Athens,
unofficially, it belonged to Poseidon as well. Not long afterward, Theseus, a
son of Poseidon became King of Athens.
Athena and Arachne
Arachne was known for her skills in weaving.
Arachne was known far and wide for weaving great and
splendid rugs. She was taught by Athena, but claimed to have not and to be much
better than her.
Athena had favored her, and needed to know herself if this
boasting was real. She disguised herself as an old woman, and asked her.
As soon as Arachne
boasted, she transformed back to her normal form. Athena challenged Arachne to
a weaving contest. They had both woven gorgeous rugs, but Athena's was better.
Arachne's had a controversial picture of the Olympians on it, and Athena turned
her into a spider so she would weave forever..
Athena and Hephaestus
According to Apollodorus, Athena visited the blacksmith
Hephaestus to buy weapons from him. but he was so overcome by desire for her
that he tried to seduce her in blacksmith workshop. Determined to maintain her
virginity, Athena fled, pursued by Hephaestus.
He caught Athena and
tried to rape her, but she fought him off. During the struggle, his semen fell
on her thigh, and Athena, in disgust, wiped it away with a scrap of wool and
flung it to the earth.
As she fled, Erichthonius was born from the semen that fell
to the earth.
Another version
recounts how Hephaestus wished to marry Athena, who, like himself was a patron
of smiths because Athena refused his hand as, according to some account she
found his limp ugly.